Bibliography

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Bryant, A. N., Wickliffe, K., Mayhew, M. J., & Behringer, L. B. (2009). Developing an assessment of college students’ spiritual experiences: The Collegiate religious an spiritual climate survey. Journal of College and Character, 10(6), 1-10. doi:10.2202/1940-1639.1452. 19

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Cragun, R., Kosmin, B., Keysar, A., Hammer, J., and Nielsen, M. (2012). On the receiving end: Discrimination toward the non-religious. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 27(1). 105–127. doi:10.1080/13537903.2012.642741. 32

D’Andrea, L. M., & Sprenger, J. (2007). Atheism and nonspirituality as diversity issues in counseling. Counseling and Values, 51(2), 149-158. doi:10.1002/j.2161-007X.2007.tb00072.x. 35

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Edgell, P., Gerteis, J., & Hartmann, D. (2006). Atheists as “other”: Moral boundaries and cultural membership in American society. American Sociological Review, 71(2), 211–234. doi:10.1177/000312240607100203. 43

Goodman, K. M., & Mueller, J. A. (2009). Invisible, marginalized, and stigmatized: Understanding and addressing the needs of atheist students. New Directions for Student Services, 125, 55–163. doi:10.1002/ss.308. 47

Guenther, K. M. (2014) Bounded by disbelief: How atheists in the United States differentiate themselves from religious believers. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 29(1), 1-16. doi:10.1080/13537903.2014.864795. 50

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Harper, M. (2007). The stereotyping of nonreligious people by religious students: Contents and subtypes. Journal of the Scientific Study of Religion, 46(4), 539-552. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2007.00376.x. 57

Hokayem, H., & BouJaoude, S. (2008). College students' perceptions of the theory of evolution. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(4), 395-419. doi:10.1002/tea.20233. 61

Hunter, L. A. (2010). Explaining atheism: Testing the secondary compensator model and proposing an alternative. Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion, 6, 3-37. 64

Kloet, J., & Galen, L. (2011). Mental well-being in the religious and the non-religious: Evidence for a curvilinear relationship. Mental Health, Religion & Culture14(7), 673-689. doi:10.1080/13674676.2010.510829. 67

Kosmin, B. A., Keysar, A., Cragun, R., & Navarro-Rivera, J. (2009). American nones: The profile of the no religion population. A report based on the American Religious Identification Survey 2008. Hartford, CT: Trinity College Digital Repository. Retrieved from https://commons.trincoll.edu/aris/publications/2008-2/american-nones-the-profile-of-the-no-religion-population. 71

Kuentzel, J. G., Arble, E., Boutros, N., Chugani, D., & Barnett, D. (2012). Nonsuicidal self-injury in an ethnically diverse college sample. American Journal of Orthopsychology, 82(3), 291-297. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2012.01167.x  73

Langston, J., Hammer, J., & Cragun, R. T. (2015). Atheism looking in: On the goals and strategies of organized nonbelief. Science, Religion and Culture, 2(3), 70-85. doi:10.17582/journal.src/2015/2.3.70.85. 76

LeDrew, S. (2012). The evolution of atheism: Scientific and humanistic approaches. History of the Human Sciences, 25(3), 70–87. doi:10.1177/0952695112441301. 79

LeDrew, S. (2013). Discovering atheism: Heterogeneity in trajectories to atheist identity and activism. Sociology of Religion, 74(4), 431-453. doi:10.1093/socrel/srt014. 82

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Lim, C., MacGregor, C. A., & Putnam, R. D. (2010). Secular and liminal: Discovering heterogeneity among religious nones. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 49(4), 596-618. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01533.x. 93

Mayhew, M. J. (2004). Exploring the essence of spirituality: A phenomenological study of eight students with eight different worldviews. NASPA Journal, 41(4), 647-674. doi:10.2202/0027-6014.1392. 96

Miller, A. F. (2013). The non-religious patriarchy: Why losing religion has not meant losing white male dominance. CrossCurrents, 63(2), 211-226. doi:10.1111/cros.12025. 99

Mueller, J. A. (2012). Understanding the atheist college student: A qualitative examination. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 49(3), 249-266. doi:10.15.15/jsarp-2012-6439. 102

Nash, R. (2003). Inviting atheists to the table: A modest proposal for higher education. Religion & Education, 30(1), 1-23. doi:10.1080/15507394.2003.10012315. 105

Peng, H. & Chen, M. (2014). The study of spirituality, work value and career decision-making between Christian and non-Christian college students. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being. 2(1), 63-74. Retrieved from http://www.journalofhappiness.net/articles/pdf/v02i01/Huiling-1.pdf. 109

Riswold, K.D. (2015). Teaching the college “nones”: Christian privilege and the religion professor. Teaching Theology and Religion, 18(2), 133-148. doi:10.1111/teth.12275. 112

Ritter, R. S, Preston, J. L., & Hernandez, I. (2014). Happy tweets: Christians are happier, more socially connected and less analytical than atheists on twitter. Social Psychology and Personality Science, 5(2), 243-249. doi:10.1177/1948550613492345. 115

Rockenbach, A. N., Mayhew, M. J., & Bowman, N. A. (2015). Perceptions of the campus climate for nonreligious students. Journal of College Student Development, 56(2), 181-186. doi:10.1353/csd.2015.0021. 118

Rockenbach, A. N., Mayhew, M. J., Morin, S., Crandall, R. E., & Selznick, B. (2015). Fostering the pluralism orientation of college students through interfaith co-curricular engagement. The Review of Higher Education, 39(1), 25-58. doi:10.1353/rhe.2015.0040. 121

Sherkat, D. E. (2008). Beyond belief: Atheism, agnosticism, and theistic certainty in the United States. Sociological Spectrum, 28(50), 438-459. doi:10.1080/02732170802205932. 124

Siner, S. (2011). A theory of atheist student identity development. Journal of the Indiana University Student Personnel Association, 14-21. Retrieved from http://scholarworks.dlib.indiana.edu/journals/index.php/jiuspa/article/view/1935. 127

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Smith, J. M. (2010). Becoming an atheist in America: Constructing identity and meaning from the rejection of theism. Sociology of Religion, 72(2), 215-237. doi:10.1093/socrel/srq082. 133

Smith, J. M. (2013). Creating a godless community: The collective identity work of contemporary American atheists. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 52(1), 80-99. doi:10.1111/jssr.12009. 137

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Stinson, R. D., Goodman, K. M., Bermingham, C., & Ali, S. R. (2013). Do atheism and feminism go hand-in-hand? A qualitative investigation of atheist men’s perspectives about gender equality. Secularism and Nonreligion, 2, pp. 39-60. doi:10.5334/snr.ak. 143

Swan, L. K., & Heesacker, M. (2012). Anti-atheist bias in the United States: Testing two critical assumptions. Secularism and Nonreligion, 1, 32-42. doi:10.5334/snr.ac. 145

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Watson, J. (2008). Can children and young people learn from atheism for spiritual development? A response to the National Framework for Religious Education. British Journal of Religious Education30(1), 49-58. doi:10.1080/01416200701711717. 154

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Wright, J., & Nichols, R. (2014). The social cost of atheism: How perceived religiosity influences moral appraisal. Journal of Cognition and Culture14(1-2), 93-115. doi:10.1163/15685373-12342112. 161

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Zimmerman, K. J., Smith, J. M., Simonson, K., & Myers, B. W. (2015). Familial relationship outcomes of coming out as an atheist. Secularism and Nonreligion, 4(4), 1-13. doi:10.5334/snr.aw.. 170

Zuckerman, P. (2009). Atheism, secularity, and well‐being: How the findings of social science counter negative stereotypes and assumptions. Sociology Compass, 3(6), 949-971. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2009.00247.x  173